1. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of saline soils?
a) Contain excess amounts of neutral soluble salts
b) High pH
c) White encrustation of salts
d) High exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP)
Answer: b) High pH
Explanation: Saline soils are characterized by a pH of less than 8.5.
2. Which of the following crops is NOT tolerant of high salt levels in soil?
a) Wheat
b) Barley
c) Sesbania
d) Peas
Answer: d) Peas
Explanation: Peas are low salt tolerant, according to the information provided.
3. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of sodic/alkali soils?
a) High content of carbonates and bicarbonates of Na
b) Low pH
c) Rich in NaHCO3
d) High exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP)
Answer: b) Low pH
Explanation: Sodic/alkali soils are characterized by a pH of greater than 8.5.
4. Which of the following is NOT a suggested management measure for acid soils?
a) Liming
b) Use of fertilizers
c) Gypsum amendment
d) Use of iron pyrites (FeS2)
Answer: c) Gypsum amendment
Explanation: Gypsum amendment is suggested for reclamation of sodic alkali soils, but not for acid soils.
5. Which of the following crops is NOT suitable for acid soils?
a) Acedophytes (like potato)
b) Rice
c) Wheat
d) Barley
Answer: b) Rice
Explanation: No specific information was provided on the suitability of rice for acid soils.
6. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of sodic/alkali soils?
a) High exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP)
b) Dark encrustation
c) High content of carbonates and bicarbonates of Na
d) Low electrical conductivity (EC)
Answer: d) Low electrical conductivity (EC)
Explanation: Sodic/alkali soils are characterized by an EC of less than 4dSm-1.
7. Which of the following is NOT a management measure suggested for saline soils?
a) Leaching
b) Drainage
c) Use of iron pyrites (FeS2)
d) Use of bulky organic manures
Answer: c) Use of iron pyrites (FeS2)
Explanation: Iron pyrites (FeS2) is suggested as an amendment for reclamation of sodic alkali soils, but not for saline soils.
8. Which of the following crops is NOT tolerant of high salt levels in soil?
a) Oats
b) Lucerne
c) Indian clover
d) Gram
Answer: d) Gram
Explanation: Gram is low salt tolerant, according to the information provided.
9. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of acid soils?
a) Low pH
b) High base saturation
c) Low CEC
d) High exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP)
Answer: d) High exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP)
Explanation: No specific information was provided on the ESP of acid soils.
10. Which of the following is NOT a tolerant crop for sodic/alkali soils?
a) Karnal grass
b) Rice
c) Sugar beet
d) Sunnhemp
Answer: d) Sunnhemp
Explanation: Sunnhemp is not listed as a tolerant, semi-tolerant, or sensitive crop for sodic/alkali soils.